Overvoltage tiv thaivyog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob, tsim kom muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb thiab cov teeb meem los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis ntau tshaj txwv. Overvoltage tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog ntau yam, xws li xob laim, hloov haujlwm, lossis kev ua yuam kev hauv lub zog. Kev tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem thiab cov tswv yim tau ua los kuaj pom thiab txo cov qib voltage, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov kab ke.
1. Ua rau ntawm overVoltage
OverVoltage tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
Xob laim tawm tsam: Kev ntaus cim me me lossis tsis ncaj qha tawm tsam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj heev hauv cov hluav taws xob lossis khoom siv.
Hloov ua haujlwm: Hloov pauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, xws li hloov tawm cov khoom lag luam loj lossis cov txhab hluav taws xob, tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev hloov pauv.
Ua txhaum: Av ua txhaum lossis luv luv colracuits tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv theem ib ntus.
Kev resonance: Revelonance cov xwm txheej hauv lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua kom ua tau zoo heev voltages rau qib txaus ntshai.
Lwm Yam Khoom: Daim phiaj xwm kev ruaj khov los yog tsis raug hluav taws xob kev cai tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv.
2. Hom ntawm overvoltage
OverVoltage tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom tseem ceeb:
Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv: Luv {-}} ntev voltage spikes, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm xob laim lossis hloov cov xwm txheej.
Txhawb nqa overvoltage: Ntev -}} ntev voltage nce, feem ntau yog vim kev ua yuam kev lossis cov teeb meem sib tw.
3. Overvoltage Tiv Thaiv Li
Ob peb cov khoom siv tau siv los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm:
a. Surge ntes
Rooj mov: Darert Kub - voltage surges (piv txwv li, los ntawm xob laim) rau hauv av, tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv av.
Cov Ntawv Thov: Siv rau hauv cov hwj huam kis thiab faib cov tshuab, nrog rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
b. Voltage SACTING DEVICES
Rooj mov: Txwv txiav qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau qib kev nyab xeeb los ntawm clamping tshaj voltage.
Piv txwv: Hlau oxide varistors (mov), zener dodes.
Cov Ntawv Thov: Siv hauv qis - voltage circuits thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob.
c. OverVoltage Regays
Rooj mov: Soj ntsuam qhov voltage theem thiab mus ncig qhov hluav taws xob breaker yog tias lub voltage ntau dua ib pawg teeb tsa.
Cov Ntawv Thov: Siv hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
d. Kev rho tawm transformers
Rooj mov: Cais tawm lub nra ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev mus txog cov khoom siv rhiab.
Cov Ntawv Thov: Siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv cov chaw, tsev kho mob, thiab lwm cov tsev tseem ceeb.
e. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Uas Tsis Txaus Ntsig (UPS)
Rooj mov: Muab cov voltage ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev hloov mus rau roj teeb lub zog thaum lub zog hluav taws xob.
Cov Ntawv Thov: Siv hauv Computers, servers, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv.
4. OverVoltage Protection Cov Tswv Yim
a. GROUNDING THIAB KEV THEM
Kev tsim nyog ua haujlwm thiab sib txuas hluav taws xob txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev muab txoj hauv kev qis qis rau kev txhaum.
b. Daim thaiv
Kev thaiv cov hluav taws xob kab thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov peev txheej sab nraud, xws li xob laim.
c. Rov ua dua
Cov qauv tsim qauv nrog cov khoom siv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ua kom cov txheej txheem overvoltage tsis ua rau tiav lub cev tsis ua haujlwm.
d. Kev saib xyuas ib txwm
Soj ntsuam thiab tswj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv (piv txwv li, kev nce qib ntes, rov qab) kom lawv ua haujlwm kom raug thaum lub sijhawm overvoltage.
5. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv
Khoom Tiv Thaiv Khoom: Tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom kim thiab cov khoom siv rhiab, xws li transformers, motors, thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kev xyuas xim: Txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam phom sij los ntawm kev ua haujlwm overvoltes.
Kev ntseeg tau cov kab ke: Ua kom ntseeg tau kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab txo qis downtime.
Nqi txuag: Zam kev kho tus nqi thiab hloov los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov txheej xwm overvoltage.
6. Cov Qauv thiab Cov Cai
Kev tiv thaiv ntau tshaj yog tswj hwm los ntawm ntau yam qauv thoob ntiaj teb, xws li:
IEC 61643: Cov qauv rau kev tiv thaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv surge.
IEEE C62.41: Cov lus qhia rau kev tiv thaiv surge hauv qis - voltage ac fais fab sib npaug.
NEC (National Electrical Code): Muab cov kev xav tau rau kev ua av thiab ua raws li kev txo cov kev pheej hmoo.
